Thursday, September 27, 2007

Terrorism: NDL Research Guide

Terrorism: A Navy Department Library Research Guide
General Information
Bibliographies
Chronologies
U.S. Navy and Terrorism
Definition of Terrorism

General Information:
Patterns of Global Terrorism. Washington: U.S. Dept. of State.http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/pgtrpt/
This online publication includes a link to annual editions dating back to 1995 as well as biannual editions of Foreign Terrorist Organizations Designations, and the annual Significant Incidents of Political Violence Against Americans from 1995 to 1998. Patterns of Global Terrorism includes useful appendices such as "Background Information on Terrorist Groups" which provides material on al-Qaida established by Usama Bin Ladin.

Terrorism. Dudley Knox Library, Naval Postgraduate School
http://web.nps.navy.mil/~library/terrorism.htm
The site contains an excellent selection of links to a wide selection of sources on terrorism.

Defend America
http://www.defendamerica.mil/
This Department of Defense website includes links to a wide range of official U.S. military and government sources relating to Operation Enduring Freedom and the struggle against terrorism.

FirstGov
http://www.firstgov.govThis website/portal provides one-stop-shopping for official U.S. government information. The section titled "America Responds to Terrorism" contains a comprehensive collection of links to information from all agencies on bioterrorism, handling suspicious mail, bomb threats, victim assistance, travel concerns, and protecting yourself and your country.

Attack on America: Osama bin Laden, the Taliban and Terrorism
http://www.lib.ecu.edu/govdoc/terrorism.html
This East Carolina University site contains links to numerous useful sources including recent Congressional Research Service reports.

America's War on Terrorism: World Trade Center/Pentagon Terrorism and the Aftermathhttp://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/usterror.htmlThis University of Michigan website contains a wealth of sources.

America on Alert: The War Against Terrorism
http://www.nwc.navy.mil/library/6America%20On%20Alert/AmericaOnAlert.htm.
This Naval War College Library site contains useful sources including bibliographies on political Islam and homeland defense/domestic terrorism as well as links to Congressional Research Service reports concerning terrorism.

General Accounting Officehttp://www.gao.gov
This website contains many reports on homeland and aviation security, combating terrorism, and defense against chemical and biological weapons.

Centers for Disease Controlhttp://www.bt.cdc.gov/
Includes homeland defense material such as the report "Biological and Chemical Terrorism: Strategic Plan for Preparedness and Response," and information on the national pharmaceutical stockpile, and defense against smallpox attack.

Terrorism: Background and Threat Assessments
http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/terror.htm
The Federation of American Scientists has assembled links to a wide range of useful sources.
They also provide information and links concerning the Taliban: http://www.fas.org/irp/world/para/taleban.htm

The World Factbook 2001http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/

This Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) publication includes a section on Afghanistan and other countries accused of harboring terrorists. Information is provided on each country including a map and data on the government, military, communications, geography, communications, and transnational issues.

CIA Electronic Document Release Centerhttp://www.foia.ucia.gov/
Using the search engine will locate historic sanitized CIA documents relating to terrorism.

University of Texas Perry-CastaƱeda Library Map Collection
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/
This site includes an extensive selection of maps of Afghanistan including maps produced by the CIA and historic maps. Maps relating to the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks are available for the Pentagon, World Trade Center, and the Pennsylvania crash site of United Airlines Flight 93.

The Rand Corporation
http://www.rand.org
This site provides several recent online publications on terrorism. A section titled "Research Areas" includes a subsection titled "National Security" with further information on terrorism.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
http://www.fbi.gov
Provides useful information on terrorism including photographs of the hijackers associated with the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks, as well as press releases. The site also includes a "ten most wanted fugitives" section and a publications section which includes the online publication CONPLAN--U.S. Government Interagency Domestic Terrorism Concept of Operations Plan. The website's search engine will locate numerous items relating to terrorism.

U.S. Coast Guard
http://www.uscg.mil/news/cgnews.shtm
The "News and Events" section includes articles on port, harbor, and other security activities.

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
http://www.fema.gov
Contains information on the recovery from the Pentagon and New York terrorist attacks, as well as advice on how to talk to children about terrorist attacks, information about urban search and rescue, and fact sheets on terrorism.

National Security Archives
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/
Provides an extremely useful selection of official documents concerning terrorism. Documents to be posted shortly will include lessons from the Soviet war in Afghanistan, U.S. policy and planning for "Low-Intensity Conflict," CIA guidelines on the recruitment of agents, and the use of assassination in U.S. foreign policy.

Countering the Changing Threat of International Terrorism: Report from the National Commission on Terrorism. Washington: National Commission on Terrorism, 2000.
http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/commission.html

Defense Threat Reduction Agency.
http://www.dtra.mil/
In the "News and Information"section under "Threat Reduction Literature" is a bibliography on weapons of mass destruction.

U.N. Action Against Terrorism
http://www.un.org/terrorism/
Provides a useful global perspective on terrorism.
Bibliographies

"Homeland Defense and Domestic Terrorism: A Selected Bibliography." Library Notes [Naval War College, Newport RI] 29, no.2 (Oct. 2000).
http://www.nwc.navy.mil/library/3Publications/Eccles%20Library/LibNotes/libhomelandef.htm

Chemical, Biological, and Nuclear Terrorism/Warfare: A Bibliography. Dudley Knox Library, Naval Postgraduate School.
http://library.nps.navy.mil/home/bibs/chemtoc.htm

Terrorist and Insurgent Organizations. Air University Library, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama.
http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/tergps/tg98tc.htm

"Nuclear Terrorism: Published Literature Since 1992." U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. Military Review 77, no.4 (Jul.-Aug. 1997):
http://www-cgsc.army.mil/milrev/english/julaug97/sanz.htm

Terrorism: A Guide to Library Resources for Anthropology. Adelaide University Library, Australia.
http://www.library.adelaide.edu.au/guide/soc/anthro/subj/terror.html

Chronologies
Chronology of Significant Terrorist Incidents.
http://web.nps.navy.mil/~library/tgp/chrnmain.htm
These chronologies have been extracted by the Naval Postgraduate School from annual editions of the State Department's publication Patterns of Global Terrorism.

Database: Terrorist Incidents 1945 to 1998. Center for International Defense and Security Studies located at Department of Politics and International Relations at Lancaster University, United Kingdom.
http://www.cdiss.org/terror.htm

Casualties: U.S. Navy and Marine Corps Personnel Killed and Wounded in Wars, Conflicts, Terrorist Acts, and Other Hostile Incidents.

http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm
See the post-World War II section of the chronology for terrorist incidents.
U.S. Navy and Terrorism

The U.S. Navy Office of Information
http://www.navy.mil

The "Navy News Stand" includes articles relating to the struggle against terrorism.
USS Cole Investigating Officers Report
http://foia.navy.mil/USSCOLE

Defense Link
http://www.defenselink.mil/index.html
This Department of Defense website includes links to terrorism-related articles, including some Navy information.

Casualties: U.S. Navy and Marine Corps Personnel Killed and Wounded in Wars, Conflicts, Terrorist Acts, and Other Hostile Incidents.
http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq56-1.htm
See the post-World War II portion of the chronology for terrorist incidents.

Definition of Terrorism
[Source: Patterns of Global Terrorism. Washington: Dept. of State, 2001: vi]

No one definition of terrorism has gained universal acceptance. For the purposes of this report, however, we have chosen the definition of terrorism contained in Title 22 of the United States Code, Section 2656f(d).

That statute contains the following definitions:
The term "terrorism" means premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant (1) targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience.

The term "international terrorism" means terrorism involving citizens or the territory of more than one country.

The term "terrorist group" means any group practicing, or that has significant subgroups that practice, international terrorism.

The U.S. Government has employed this definition of terrorism for statistical and analytical purposes since 1983.
Domestic terrorism is probably a more widespread phenomenon than international terrorism. Because international terrorism has a direct impact on U.S. interests, it is the primary focus of this report. However, the report also describes, but does not provide statistics on, significant developments in domestic terrorism.

(1) For purposes of this definition, the term "noncombatant" is interpreted to include, in addition to civilians, military personnel who at the time of the incident are unarmed and/or not on duty. For example, in past reports we have listed as terrorist incidents the murders of the following U.S. military personnel: Col. James Rowe, killed in Manila in April 1989; Capt. William Nordeen, U.S. defense attache killed in Athens in June 1988; the two servicemen killed in the La Belle disco bombing in West Berlin in April 1986; and the four off-duty U.S. Embassy Marine guards killed in a cafe in El Salvador in June 1985. We also consider as acts of terrorism attacks on military installations or on armed military personnel when a state of military hostilities does not exist at the site, such as bombings against U.S. bases in Europe, the Philippines, or elsewhere.

Monday, September 17, 2007

Atlantic Command: Commander In Chief US

Atlantic Command, Commander In Chief US

History shows a continuation of the title Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet, until late 1922 when the title Commander Scouting Force was used. No further utilization of the title was made until 1 February 1941, when the United States Fleet was reorganized to form the U.S. Atlantic, U.S. Pacific and U.S. Asiatic Fleets, each with a four-star commander in chief.

Office formerly included CIC, US Atlantic Fleet

1. 1905-1908 RADM Robley D. Evans 3/05

2. 1908-1909 RADM Charles S. Sperry 5/08

3. 1909-1911 RADM Seaton Schroeder 3/09

4. 1911-1913 RADM Hugo W. Osterhaus 6/11

5. 1913-1914 RADM Charles J. Badger 1/13

6. 1914-1916 RADM Frank F. Flechter 9/14

7. 1916-1919 ADM Henry T. Mayo 6/16

8. 1919-1921 ADM Henry B. Wilson 7/19

9. 1921-1922 ADM Hilary P. Jones 6/21

10. 1941-1941 ADM Ernest J. King 2/41

11. 1941-1944 ADM Royal E. Ingersoll 12/41

12. 1944-1946 ADM Jonas H. Ingram 11/44

13. 1946-1947 VADM Marc A. Mitscher 9/46

14. 1947-1950 ADM William H. Blandy 2/47

15. 1950-1951 ADM William M. Fechteler 1/50

16. 1951-1954 ADM Lynde D. McCormick 8/51

17. 1954-1960 ADM Jerauld Wright 4/54

18. 1960-1963 ADM Robert L. Dennison 2/60

19. 1963-1965 ADM Harold P. Smith 4/63

20. 1965-1967 ADM Thomas H. Moorer 4/65

21. 1967-1970 ADM Ephraim P. Holmes 6/67

22. 1970-1972 ADM Charles K. Duncan 9/70

23. 1972-1975 ADM Ralph W. Cousins 10/72

24. 1975-1978 ADM Issac C. Kidd, Jr. 5/75

25. 1978-1982 ADM Harry D. Train II 9/78

26. 1982-1985 ADM Wesley L. McDonald 9/82

27. 1985-1986 ADM Carlisle A.H. Trost 10/85

28. 1986-1988 ADM Frank B. Kelso II 6/86

29. 1988-1991 ADM Powell F. Carter Jr. 11/88

30. 1991-1992 ADM Paul David Miller 1/91

31. 1992-1994 ADM Henry H. Mauz Jr. 7/92

32. 1994-1996 ADM William J. Flanagan Jr. 10/94

33. 1996-1999 ADM J. Paul Reason 12/96

34. 1999- 2000 ADM Vern Clark 9/99

35. 2000-Present ADM Robert J. Natter 6/00

Friday, September 14, 2007

Ships' Deck Logs

http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq73-1.htm


Deck Logs: Location

Held by The National Archives:
Deck logs of commissioned U.S. Navy ships from the earliest times through 1940 are in the Old Military and Civil Branch, National Archives and Records Administration, 700 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington DC 20408 [telephone (202) 501-5385.

Logs from 1941 through those that are 30 years old or older are in the Modern Military Branch, National Archives, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park MD 20740-6001 [telephone (301) 837-3510]. These logs are open for research. Requests for research appointments, and inquiries concerning log information, should go to the National Archives office holding logs from the time period of interest.

Held By The Naval Historical Center:
Deck logs that are less than 30 years of age are in the custody of the Ships Deck Logs Section, Naval Historical Center, Building 57, 805 Kidder Breese Street SE, Washington Navy Yard, DC 20374-5060. All inquiries concerning deck logs that are less than 30 years old should be sent to the Ships Deck Logs Section.

Logs that are less than 30 years old are held in either paper or microfiche form, stored in the Washington National Records Center, 4205 Suitland Road, Suitland MD 20746.

Logs from 1979 through February 1993 are on microfiche in the Ships Deck Logs Section.

Logs from 1990 through 1993 are partly on microfiche in the Deck Logs Section, partly on paper at the Records Center.

All logs from March 1993 are on paper and stored at the Records Center. All deck logs, whether they are classified or FOUO (For Official Use Only) must be sent to the proper authorities at SubPac, SubLant, SurfPac or SurfLant for declassification review or review and release determination before they can be researched or copied. Al Deck Logs that are less than three years of age must be sent to PacFlt for review and release determination.

Deck Log: Format, Research and Duplication
Format: Deck logs are bulky documents. Prior to the 1980s, logs were kept on oversized (10 by 15 inches) paper, a typical log consisting of four or more pages per day.

In the 1980s, in keeping with a Congressional mandate to standardize on 8½ by 11 inch paper, deck logs began to be written, by hand, on pages of that size.
This greatly increased the page count; we have seen single months' logs from recent years run to as many as 300 or 400 pages.
Under the old format, a ship's deck log might run 120 pages or more per month, or over 1200 pages per year. (There are the inevitable exceptions, but this seems to hold fairly true.) Under the new format, logs can run from 100 to 400 pages per month or, say, from 1,200 to several thousand pages per year.

Research in Deck Logs at the Ships History Branch
The Ships Deck Logs Section staff consists of one person. Given the number of inquiries received, the staff cannot read hundreds of pages in response to any one inquiry. Thus the Ships Deck Logs Section is unable to do extensive research in response to queries. Questions must be specific, and must be narrowed down to a particular time and/or place.

All deck logs are either FOUO (For Official Use Only) or classified. Under new regulations/procedures all deck logs must be reviewed for release determination prior to its release to the general public. Reqeusts for copies of deck logs will be treated as a FOIA requests (Freedom of Information Act).
When a request for copies of a deck log are received the Ships History Branch, Deck Logs Section will make a page count of the deck logs requested and determine the estimated cost to either make a microfiche copy or scan the paper deck logs and place them on CD-ROM.

The incoming request, along with the estimated cost of reproduction will then be send to the Navy's FOIA Office. The Navy FOIA Office will send out a letter to the requestor telling them of the cost. If the individual decides to pay the reproduct cost they must notify the Navy FOIA Office that they want to continue their request to reproduce the deck logs. One the Navy FOIA Office gets that notification letter then the Ships History Deck Logs Section will either scan the paper deck logs or duplicate the microfiche deck logs and forward those records to either SubLant, SubPac, SurfLant or SurfPac for final review and release determination. The individual will be notified which command is reviewing the deck logs for release determination and that command will provide the final copy of the deck logs that have been authorized for release.
Duplication of Deck Logs

Due to the restrictions on FOUO deck logs the logs are not available to the general public for research purposes. As stated in the "Research of Deck Logs Section" above, the duplication fee schedule will be what is charged under FOIA. The cost to scan paper deck logs and place them on CD-ROM is 15 cents a page and the cost to duplicate existing microfiche is 25 cents a sheet. Most of the deck logs for the period 1979 to February1993 are on microfiche and the paper copy of the deck logs do not exist. The Ships History Branch will provide a price quote via the Navy's FOIA Office.

Japan-US relations 1930s

We don't do research or comprehensive searching here at the library as our
reference policy states. Recommend you consider visiting our library and our
Operational Archives Branch
http://www.history.navy.mil/branches/nhcorg10.htm
to conduct in-person, in-depth research.

The National Archives http://www.archives.gov/dc-metro/ is probably critical as well.
Basically all of the Navy's World War II documents were transferred to the
National Archives several years ago. Pre-World War II documents were already
there.

Starting point to research this subject:
Here's what we have:
1. The USS Panay incident, 1937 - In our collection, we have some titles related to this subject. Some titles are held in our Special Collection Room and can
only be viewed here at the library. They are not available for interlibrary
loan.
Another title - The China Incident - is not
copyrighted and you could have this duplicated as well. Because this
document is over 100 pages and had been bound.

If you want it reproduced, the Naval Historical
Foundation www.navyhistory.org, which is in an office next to us, has a
Document Reproduction Service and will duplicate the document for you for a
fee. The fee schedule is posted online at
http://www.navyhistory.org/documentservice.html.

2. Naval Conferences - Again, any titles held in our Special Collection Room or Rare
Book Room can only be viewed here at the library. They are not available for
interlibrary loan.

3. Rape of Nanking - Other than the 1997 book by Iris Chang, we don't have
any published material on this topic.
We aren't an archives, so we maintain very few official records of any sort. I think the National Archives is your best bet for this.

4. Naval attaches - we have naval attache reports on microfilm (3 reels).
You can probably borrow these from us through interlibrary loan. Dates cover
1937-1943, reports relating to the "world crisis." Also, you should probably
talk to an archivist at the National Archives. Additional records should be
held there.

5. Plan Orange - We have one book about this. War Plan Orange by Edward
Miller. Additional documents would be at the National Archives.

6. BuShips/BuAir - again, records are at the National Archives, BUT you
could look through our annual Secretary of the Navy reports. We do have
various BuShips and BuAir reports and we have handbooks on foreign ships and
aircraft, but as for designs, we don't have that kind of documentation here.

7. Admirals - we have published biographies here of many admirals and
political leaders; most would be available through interlibrary loan. But
what you probably want are the personal papers collections of these
individuals to really know what they were thinking.

Our Operational Archives
Branch has the personal papers of:
Fleet Admiral Nimitz http://www.history.navy.mil/ar/november/nimitz.htm
Admiral Spruance http://www.history.navy.mil/ar/sierra/spruance.htm
Fleet Admiral King http://www.history.navy.mil/ar/kilo/king.htm
Fleet Admiral Leahy http://www.history.navy.mil/ar/lima/leahy.htm
Secretary of the Navy Knox http://www.history.navy.mil/ar/kilo/knox.htm
and many others http://www.history.navy.mil/ar/mss.htm
Fleet Admiral Halsey's papers are held at the Library of Congress and Vice
Admiral Lockwood's papers are held at the Library of Congress and some at
the Hoover Institution at Stanford http://www.hoover.org/.


You may want to search the Index of US Naval Institute Proceedings for relevant articles.
Even a magazine like Our Navy may have an occasional article useful to your research.
There are other periodicals in our collection which also probably would provide
articles relevant to research.
Here in the library, we have few primary sources. Although in our Historical
Manuscrips collection
http://www.history.navy.mil/library/manuscript/manuscript_list.htm

I did find the following which maybe useful to you:

Cone, Hutch I., Commander, USN (later RADM)
The title of the bound journal, Diary of Rear Admiral Hutch I. Cone, First
World War is inaccurate. Cone attained the rank of Rear Admiral in 1924,
however his service during World War One was actually as a Commander. He
served as a Navy attache involved with the coordination of aviation
resources. His diary reveals he traveled to Paris, London, and throughout
Europe to meet with Admiral Sims, Winston Churchill, Admiral Jellicoe, and
the Aircraft Production Board.
Jones, Carlton B., Rear Admiral, USN
Six official messages sent to Destroyers, Atlantic Fleet in December 1941.
Jones collected these "flimsies" while serving as a lieutenant on the staff
of the Commander, Destroyer Squadron Seven. The following communications are
included:
"Air Raid On Pear[l] Harbor X This Is Not Drill" (7 Dec.).
"Executive WPL Forty Six Against Japan" (7 Dec.).
"Place Naval Censorship In Effect" (8 Dec.).
"Germany Has Declared War On the United States" (11 Dec.).
"Italy Has Declared War On the United States" (11 Dec.).
"Executive WPL 46 Against Germany and Italy in Addition to Japan Naval
Attaches Advise Naval Authorities" (11 Dec.).
[Additional messages collected by Jones are located in the USS Owen (DD-536)
ZC File.].

As for the Marine Corps, we do collect some material on history of the
Corps, but we recommend you contact the Marine Corps History Division
http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Home_Page.htm for guidance with your research
in that area.

Great White Fleet visit to Albany Western Australia 1908

Book source:
"Around the World with the Fleet, 1907-1909: A Pictorial Log of the Cruise." (Annapolis, MD: United States Naval Institute, 1929).

Image source:
Our Photographic Section may have photos of the fleet's visit to Albany.
That branch doesn't have an e-mail reference service.
http://www.history.navy.mil/branches/nhcorg11.htm.

That Still Picture Branch of the National Archives may also have photographs of the Great White Fleet in Albany.

Still Picture Branch (NNSP)
National Archives and Records Administration
8601 Adelphi Road
College Park, MD 20740-6001
301-837-3530
1-866-272-6272
http://www.archives.gov/contact/
inquire@nara.gov

3) manuscript source:
Admiral Charles S. Sperry who commanded the fleet during its visit to Australia may have written about the visit to Albany in his personal papers which are held by the Library of Congress in the Manuscript Division
http://www.loc.gov/rr/mss/

The description that we have of his papers collection suggests there is little in the collection about the cruise, but it may be worth checking with the Library of Congress.
Sperry, Charles S.
Papers, 1862-1912, 2,300 items
Naval officer and diplomat. General and family correspondence, orders to duty, journals, reports, memoranda, and other papers relating to Sperry's naval career, particularly his activities in the Philippines (1898-1900), and to his role as a U.S. delegate to the Geneva Convention (1906) and the Second Hague Conference (1907). Includes letters from Theodore Roosevelt concerning the world cruise (1908-1909) of the Battle Fleet commanded by Sperry.

Directory of naval libraries

Go to http://library.nrl.navy.mil/nkn and look on the left-hand side of the page for "Directory" which will lead you to a list of naval libraries.

Thursday, September 6, 2007

Small arms : Early small arms contracts by the Navy

All of these types of naval records were transferred to the National Archives in Washington, DC, many years ago. They should be held in the Old Military and Civil Records Branch of the Archives. Contact information is as follows:

Old Military and Civil Records Branch
National Archives and Records Administration 700 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20408
1-866-272-6272
http://www.archives.gov/contact/
inquire@nara.gov

The Curator Branch here at the Naval Historical Center has posted a research guide called "Sources for the Study of Naval Equipment"
http://www.history.navy.mil/branches/org2-4.htm
You may want to review it for helpful information.

At the National Archives, you will probably need to review records in Record Group (RG) 74, Records of the Bureau of Ordnance http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/074.html

We encourage you to consult a reference professional at the Archives for further assistance.